[sildi07]

surreptitious /sər-əp`ti-shəs/

adjective

done in a secret way
----------------
bí mật, kín đáo, gian lậu, lén lút

synonym. secret, secretive, stealthy

"European unity has always been a surreptitious political project couched in economic categories."_Washington Post

"But with the ubiquity of camera phones, surreptitious photography is harder to spot, Ms. Worth said."_New York Times

incarnadine /in`kär-nə-dīn/

noun, adjective, verb

a bright crimson or pinkish-red color (of flesh).
color (something) a bright crimson
----------------
hồng tươi, màu thịt tươi; màu đỏ máu

"Soon, the screen becomes, as Macbeth would say, incarnadine: entirely steeped in red, as if blood had leaked into the lens."_The New Yorker

"Besides, traces of paint still remained to incarnadine lip and cheek and there was a hint of hardness in the youthful plumpness of the features."_Chambers, Robert William

neologism /nē`ä-lə-ji-zəm/

noun

a newly coined word or expression. (in short, a new word)
----------------
từ mới, sự dùng từ mới

adjective. neologistic

a little extra

lexicographer /lek-sə`kä-ɡrə-fər/
noun - a person who compiles dictionaries.

"Dahl spent hours creating new words for The BFG, many of which, as he said of Pat’s neologisms, were better than the originals."_The Guardian

"Borrowing a friend’s neologism, Parkin uses the term “chronoslip” to describe the way video games affect one’s sense of time, numbing one to its passing."_Washington Post

avuncular /ə`vəng-kyə-lər/

adjective

like an uncle, kind or friendly like an uncle
----------------
như chú, như bác, như cậu

"She seemed, as she almost always does, mellow, avuncular, benevolent, curious, and simultaneously earnest and amused."_The New Yorker

"Mr. Xi has cultivated an image as an avuncular but stern figure, and a strong Communist leader."_New York Times

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zenith /`zē-nəth/

noun

1. the highest point at which something is the most powerful or successful.
2. the highest point reached in the heavens by a celestial body
----------------
1. điểm cao nhất, cực điểm, tột đỉnh
2. (thiên văn học) thiên đỉnh

synonym. peak, climax, apex

"Massa can look back on that season as the year that his career reached its zenith"_BBC

"For observers in mid-northern latitudes like New York and London, look for the bright star Deneb to appear straight overhead, or at the sky’s zenith."_National Geographic

Vs.

nadir /`nā-dər/

noun

1. the lowest point
2. the point on the celestial sphere directly below an observer.
----------------
1. điểm thấp nhất
2. (thiên văn học) đế

synonym. bottom, rock-bottom

"Much of the book is about how Trump rebounded from his financial nadir."_Washington Post

"Damascus’ resurgence of confidence comes more than a year after its nadir."_Los Angeles Times

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appall /əˈpôl/

verb

to cause (sbd) to feel shock, horror, or disgust
----------------
làm kinh hoảng, làm kinh sợ, làm thất kinh

adj. appalling

synonym. horrify, shock, dismay, distress

“The crime story it tells is appalling, and stocked with authentic heroes and villains,” our critic Dwight Garner wrote of the book."_New York Times

"Fuller said he was appalled by United’s cavalier attitude toward the cleanup."_Washington Post

restive /ˈrestiv/

adj

1. feeling bored or impatient while waiting for something to happen or change
2. stubbornly resisting control
----------------
1. Không yên, bồn chồn
2. Khó bảo, khó dạy; ngang bướng, cứng đầu cứng cổ (người) Bất kham, khó dạy (ngựa)

synonym. 1. disorderly, jumpy, wiggly, wriggly | 2. disobedient, incompliant, rebellious

"On Monday, security forces staged a striking display of military might in the restive western region of Xinjiang."_Seattle Times

"As the centuries wore on, the best of the clergy grew restive under this monstrous style of ornamentation."_Parton, James

"Lee held the restive horse while Mrs. Bacon was helped up into the rig."_East of Eden

plaintive /ˈplān(t)iv/

adj

sounding sad and mournful, expressive of suffering or woe
----------------
than vãn, buồn bã, rầu rĩ, não nùng

synonym. melancholy, sad, sorrowful, unhappy

"This endless conversation, the tone plaintive but oddly cheerful, flew around and around in a circle."_A Thousand Splendid Suns

"He passed his hand across his eyes, he sighed, his voice became plaintive."_Brave New World

"Brown’s tone was calm and plaintive rather than angry."_The New Yorker

elegiac /ˌeləˈjīək/

adj

relating to or characteristic of an elegy: expressing sorrow often for something now past
----------------
bi thương; (thuộc) khúc bi thương

synonym. melancholy, sad, sorrowful, mournful, plaintive

"Tellingly, his elegiac new book, Zero K, is a story with both eyes on the exit and its mind on the afterlife."_The Guardian

"But the more romantic path they chose gives the movie an elegiac quality."_Los Angeles Times

"The Latin poem, like its Greek original, is in elegiac verse, and is supposed to be spoken by the constellation called Coma Berenices."_Dunlop, John

elegy /ˈeləjē/

adj

a sad poem or song, a poem or song that expresses sorrow for someone who is dead
----------------
khúc bi thương

synonym. dirge, lament

"'Autumn' is an elegy for, among other things, the idea of autumn."_New York Times

"And then there is that Adagio, easily the greatest elegy in all symphonic literature."_Los Angeles Times

"Lord Lytton characterised the poem as an "elegy on departed youth."_Huneker, James

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stanch /ˈstänch/

verb

to stop or restrict (a flow of blood) from a wound
----------------
cầm (máu) lại; làm (một vết thương) cầm máu lại

"One man groaned as he pointed to a blood-stained cloth on his side that stanched a wound."_Los Angeles Times

"“He ought to be in a cage!” shouted Arm, stanching the blood on Ear’s ear with a handkerchief."_The Ear, the Eye, and the Arm

"The sole question that remained was how best to stanch the wound."_A Game of Thrones

"She wondered whether she should make a tourniquet to stanch the flow of blood from the man’s forearm."_The New Yorker

incandescent /ˌinkənˈdes(ə)nt/

adj

1. white or glowing because of great heat, emitting light as a result of being heated
2. passionate, brilliant, impressive, successful, or intelligent
----------------
1. nóng sáng
2. sáng chói, sáng rực (nghĩa bóng)

synonym. 1. radiant, bright, brilliant, luminous | 2. passionate, splendid, glorious

an incandescent masterwork

"He noticed that the incandescent bulbs – sometimes bare, sometimes surrounded by a single shade – created “arrows of light” and a harsh glare."_Salon

"An incandescent biography of the artist, who died in 1988 at the age of 27, but left a vibrant legacy."_New York Times

"Maybe so-called “one-hit wonders” are so incandescent that, perfection having been achieved, the artist can drop the mic, so to speak."_The Guardian

candid /ˈkandəd/

adj

1. truthful and straightforward, frank; expressing opinions and feelings in an honest and sincere way
2. free from bias, prejudice
3. (photography) taking picture of subjects acting naturally or spontaneously without the subject's knowledge
----------------
1. thật thà, ngay thẳng, bộc trực
2. vô tư, không thiên vị
3. ảnh “chụp lén”, ảnh chụp đời thường (Candid Photography)

synonym. 1. frank, direct, honest, straightforward | 2. fair, impartial, unbiased

"Annies aunt Catherine Darwin said of her that she was 'always so candid and kind-hearted.'"_Charles and Emma: The Darwins' Leap of Faith

"I was candid and explained why I believed we had no choice but to turn to violence."_Long Walk to Freedom

"“I asked for their candid and honest opinion,” Sessions said on Thursday of his role in the FBI’s Russia investigation."_The Guardian

"The picture they use isn’t a mug shot, it’s a candid shot: he’s on holiday somewhere, not quite smiling, but almost."_The Girl on the Train

pallid /ˈpaləd/

adj

1. very pale in a way that suggests poor health
2. deficient in color, colorless, uninteresting
----------------
1. xanh xao, vàng vọt
2. nhạt nhẽo, lờ mờ không rõ

synonym. 1. pale, white, sickly | 2. unexciting, lifeless, bland

"She is a tall, languid young lady with a pallid, oval face and beautiful pale-blue-gray eyes; her hands are extraordinary—long-fingered, flexible, nervously elegant."_In Cold Blood

"His skin was pallid, with an undertone of grey."_A Dance with Dragons

"Finally, Libus, more lean-faced and pallid than usual, from his sleepless nights and responsibility, drew me aside: “He’s going to pull through."_Bartlett, Paul Alexander

"With no overhead lights the courtroom, always pallid, seemed grayer and duller than ever."_Snow Falling on Cedars: A Novel

livid /ˈlivid/

adj

1. very angry, furiously angry
2. dark bluish gray in color, discolored by bruising
3. pale as ashes
----------------
1. tức tím gan, tím ruột, giận tái người
2. xám xịt, xám ngoẹt
3. tái nhợt, tái mét, tím ngắt

synonym. 1. enraged | 2. bluish, dark, discolored, black and blue | 3. blanched, pale, ashen, pallid

"I’d been looking for the criminal with the livid scar on his face, and all the while, I’d been getting my pockets picked."_The New Yorker

"Mirian is livid; she is so broke she can barely buy used clothes for her three children."_Enrique's Journey

"Whiter than a skull, with wide, livid scarlet eyes and a nose that was flat as a snake’s with slits for nostrils."_Harry Potter And The Goblet Of Fire

"Winston dared not turn his head even by a millimeter, but sometimes her livid, gasping face came within the angle of his vision."_1984

"I married so I would have legitimate sons to bear my name, not bastards with their mother’s!” he roared, livid with rage."_The House of the Spirits: A Novel

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ophthalmology /ˌäf-thə(l)-ˈmä-lə-jē/

noun

a branch of medical science dealing with the structure, functions, and diseases of the eye
----------------
(y học) khoa mắt

noun. ophthalmologist - bác sĩ khoa mắt

"He was chief of Howard University Hospital’s ophthalmology department and of its eye clinic."_Washington Post

"After the exam we went to the ophthalmologist and I picked out my eyeglasses."_Counting by 7s

mendacity /menˈdasədē/

noun

untruthfulness, lack of honesty
----------------
sự nói láo, sự nói điêu, sự xuyên tạc

synonym. fabrication, falsehood, falsity, untruth

"We ought to be on our guard against every kind of trickery, and make a scrupulous investigation in order to forestall mendacity or fraud."_Flammarion, Camille

"The mendacity of superstition is almost enough to make a man believe in the supernatural."_Ingersoll, Robert Green

"Certainly murder is a greater crime than mendacity."_Ingersoll, Robert Green

ostracize /ˈästrəˌsīz/

noun

1. to exclude from a group by common consent
2. to exile; (in ancient Greece) banish (an unpopular or too powerful citizen) from a city for five or ten years by popular vote.
----------------
1. khai trừ, tẩy chay, loại ra ngoài (một tổ chức)
2. đày ải

synonym. 1. exclude, shun, blacklist

"One of the most cherished musical numbers in a Disney movie centers on a young woman ostracized from her community because she likes to read."_Los Angeles Times

“We used to ostracize everyone, even each other.”_Catch-22

"In the small, isolated villages, even local people suspected of sorcery were ostracized or killed — the punishment was even worse for a touri."_Endangered

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elation /ēˈlāSH(ə)n/

noun

1. great happiness; the quality or state of being filled with joy or pride
2. (medical) pathological euphoria sometimes accompanied by intense pleasure
----------------
1. sự phấn chấn, sự phấn khởi, sự hân hoan, sự hoan hỉ; sự tự hào, sự hãnh diện
2. (y học) phấn chấn; một dạng bệnh lý, sảng khoái đôi khi đi kèm với khoái cảm mãnh liệt

adj. elated

synonym. euphoria, ecstasy, happiness, delight, joy

"The elation in his voice was so indecent that even Mordred was disgusted."_The Once and Future King

"'Forty missions,' Hungry Joe announced readily in a voice lyrical with relief and elation."_Catch-22

"The sheriff said the girl showed no signs of elation when she and Cummins were found."_Washington Times

jubilation /ˌjü-bə-ˈlā-shən/

noun[

great happiness or joy
----------------
sự vui sướng, sự mừng rỡ, sự hân hoan; sự tưng bừng hớn hở

adj. jubilant

synonym. joy, elation, euphoria, rejoicing

"There were tears, jubilation and graciousness from the defeated."_Washington Post

"When they hear about your divorce, people might express sympathy and sorrow even when you may be feeling jubilation and relief."_Forbes

"Thousands of cheering Somalis quickly poured into the streets in jubilation, chanting the new president’s name."_The Guardian

exuberant /iɡˈzo͞ob(ə)rənt/

adjective

1. very lively, happy, or energetic; joyously unrestrained and enthusiastic
2. extreme or excessive in degree, size, or extent (exuberant prosperity)
3. produced in extreme abundance; existing in large amounts, plentiful
----------------
1. cởi mở, hồ hởi; chứa chan (tình cảm)
3. dồi dào, sum sê ((nghĩa đen) & (nghĩa bóng)), um tùm (cây cỏ)

n. exuberance

v. exuberate

synonym. joyful, jubilant, cheerful, excited, high-spirited

"Her whisper was like her—tall, exuberant, fearless, loud, larger than life."_Purple Hibiscus

"“I’m going to run away,” Yossarian announced in an exuberant, clear voice, already tearing open the buttons of his pajama tops."_Catch-22

"One resident at the aid distribution site said the mood in the neighborhood was more tense than exuberant."_Seattle Times

"Jones has filled the cavernous stage with exuberant choreography, and the nimble, hardworking ensemble is airborne one minute, then dreamily waltzing the next."_Washington Times

subjugate /ˈsəbjəˌɡāt/

verb

to bring under control and governance as a subject, especially by conquest; make someone or something subordinate to
----------------
chinh phục, chế ngự; khiến cho khuất phục, thuần hóa, đè nén

synonym. 1. conquer, vanquish, defeat, subdue, subordinate

"Black Americans, Nixon said, did not want to be subjugated by the state like a colony in a nation."_Washington Post

"There’s his obvious craving for adulation, his need to vanquish and subjugate, his need to feed his fantasy of conqueror."_Washington Post

"Schmidt says diversity should, in his words, 'be celebrated, not subjugated.'"_Washington Times

"When they get to learn that he, like themselves, is a subjugated animal, they cease to feel any terror of him."_Henty, G. A. (George Alfred)

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erratic /i-ˈra-tik/

adj.

1. unpredictable; acting, moving, or changing in ways that are not expected or usual
2. (geology) transported from an original resting place especially by a glacier; a rock or boulder that differs from the surrounding rock and is believed to have been brought from a distance by glacial action.
----------------
1. thất thường, được chăng hay chớ, bạ đâu hay đấy
2. (địa lý, địa chất) đá lang thang

synonym. unpredictable, inconsistent, irregular

"And second, because North Korea’s regime is bizarre in the extreme, a hermit kingdom run by a weird, utterly ruthless and highly erratic god-king."_Washington Post

Her tapping speeded up and its beat became erratic and nervous."_East of Eden

"With a forefinger he attempted to check the erratic movement of his bad eye, but to no avail; it continued."_Snow Falling on Cedars: A Novel

obsequious /əbˈsēkwēəs/

adj.

obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree; attempting to win favor from influential people by flattery
----------------
khúm núm, xun xoe, vuốt mông ngựa

synonym. ass-kissing, sycophantic, fawning, servile

He could wear an oxford shirt and necktie and speak the local language, in every sense, and never act obsequious or look as though he felt out of place. —Tracy Kidder, New England Monthly, April 1990

She's constantly followed by obsequious assistants who will do anything she tells them to.

Obsequious: showing too great a willingness to serve or obey; fawning._Washington Post

Trump had been obsequious in trying to lure Ronald and Nancy Reagan to his business empire, and tried just as hard with the Clintons._New York Times

stupefy /ˈstü-pə-ˌfī/

verb

1. to make stupid, groggy, or insensible; make (someone) unable to think or feel properly
2. astonish and shock
----------------
1. làm cho u mê đần độn
2. làm sững sờ, hết sức kinh ngạc

n. stupefaction

synonym. 1. stun, daze, drug, sedate, tranquilize | 2. shock, amaze, dumbfound, astonish

"Instead, it causes a sudden drop in blood pressure, which might temporarily stupefy predators."_New York Times

"It is something so bright, loud, weird and delicate as to stupefy the senses."_Life of Pi

"The killing and destruction in Syria, of course, has stupefied much of the world over the past five years."_New York Times

"I shall never forget his stupefaction, his amazement."_Huneker, James

incredulous /inˈkrejələs/

adj.

unwilling to admit or accept what is offered as true; unwilling to believe something
----------------
hoài nghi; ngờ vực

n. incredulity

synonym. skeptical, suspicious, doubtful, cynical

"Sounding delighted, and a bit incredulous, he kept repeating, 'The war is over.'"_The New Yorker

"“Are you crying?” another nurse said in an incredulous tone from across the room."_Washington Post

"She gave me an incredulous look, then burst out laughing."_The Name of the Wind

effervesce /e-fər-ˈves/

verb.

1. to bubble, hiss, and foam as gas escapes
2. to show liveliness, be enthusiastic
----------------
1. sủi, sủi bong bóng
2. sôi nổi

n. effervescence

adj. effervescent

"Sentiments like that had effervesced online for weeks."_Washington Post

"To be agitated like boiling water, by any other cause than heat; to bubble; to effervesce; as, the boiling waves."_Webster, Noah

"But it’s Chardon, a cozy restaurant that opened this summer, which perfectly expresses its new bohemian effervescence."_New York Times

"The oppressive heat rivaled anything the boys had ever felt, and for once even their effervescent spirits flagged."_Duffield, J. W.

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innocuous /iˈnäkyo͞oəs/

adj.

1. causing no injury
2. not likely to offend anyone
----------------
1. Vô hại
2. Vô thưởng vô phạt, không làm mất lòng ai

synonym. harmless, innocent, benign, inoffensive

"The proposed guidelines were entirely voluntary and seemed innocuous."
Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal

"'They’re going to try something on Peeta,' he answers. 'Send in the most innocuous person from Twelve they can come up with.'"
Mockingjay

"And the innocuous comment, “You must be disciplined” sounds more like a command than a question."
The Guardian

cremate /krəˈmāt/

verb.

to burn the body of a person who has died; to reduce (a dead body) to ashes by burning
----------------
thiêu (xác), hoả táng; đốt ra tro

cremation (n) sự hoả táng

Crematory (n) A place where the bodies of dead people are cremated; lò thiêu (xác); nơi hoả táng
plural. Crematoria

"Chandraswamy was cremated last week on the banks of the Yamuna River in a ceremony attended by a handful of mourners."
New York Times

"“When someone is cremated after they die, their ashes are put in an urn." The Marvels

treble /ˈtrebəl/

noun, adj.

The highest range of sound used in music
-> the highest voice part in harmonic music (sorprano)
-> a high-pitched voice, tone, or sound
----------------
(âm nhạc) cao, kim (giọng)

synonym. shrieking, whistling, squeaking

verb, adj.

1. To increase threefold; grow three times the size, amount, or number
2. Having three parts or uses (threefold)
----------------
1. Gấp ba
2. Có ba phần, ba cách sử dụng

"The choir’s treble voices executed vocal ululations evoking the chatter and laughter of these girls who bravely dared to attend classes."
New York Times

"Mr. Orcutt played a Fender Telecaster, and stayed loud, trebly and forceful."
New York Times

She trebled her earnings in only two years.

A treble painting, witc each panel telling a differnt part of the Nativity story.

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atrocity /ə-ˈträ-sə-tē/

noun

an extremely cruel or terrible act, object, or situation (the atrocities of war)
----------------
tính hung bạo, sự tàn ác, sự tàn bạo

synonym. horror, awfulness, gruesomeness, inhumanity

"He said the cause of those deaths would be "atrocities committed by the terrorists.' "_Reuters

"He hears of atrocities: knives, a rifle to the chest, beatings with tree limbs, demands for shoes and money."
Enrique's Journey

"He was arrested in May in connection with material posted on social media about the atrocity in Manchester."
BBC

dizzy /ˈdi-zē/

adj.

1. foolish, silly
2. having a whirling sensation in the head with a tendency to fall; mentally confused
3. extremely rapid
----------------
2. hoa mắt, choáng váng, chóng mặt
3. cực nhanh

"At hospital, dizzy, weak or unconscious workers are put on an IV drip with glucose, said doctors."
The Guardian

Prices rose at a dizzy rate.

"But since a split with the Gulf in 2010, they have grown at dizzying speed, spreading across eastern Mexico, along the Caribbean coast of Central America, and, according to some recent reports, establishing links with the 'Ndrangheta mafia in Italy."_Narconomics

peril /ˈper-əl/

noun

1. exposure to the risk of being injured, destroyed, or lost (danger)
2. something that imperils or endangers (risk)
----------------
1. sự nguy hiểm
2. hiểm hoạ, cơn nguy

synonym. hazard, menace, danger, threat

"‘There is great peril here, said the Queen. “The whole palace is breaking up.'"
The Magician's Nephew

"'Oh, defend us from death and horrible maims,** he is reported to have said, “for I see well we be in great peril of death.”"
The Once and Future King

"And it was urgent that he did, for he knew his life was in peril."
Catch-22

abattoir /ˈabəˌtwär/

noun

slaughterhouse; a building where animals are butchered
----------------
lò mổ, lò sát sinh

"In the basement, a long queue of headless bodies hung from a track in the ceiling, like carcasses in an abattoir."
The Guardian

"Packing houses.—Packing houses and abattoirs are often sources from which rats secure subsistence, especially where meats are prepared for market in old buildings."
Lantz, David E.

sow /ˈsau̇/

noun

1. an adult female pig; (also) the adult female of various other animals (such as a bear)
2. a channel that conducts molten metal to molds
----------------
1. lợn cái; lợn nái
2. rãnh (cho kim loại nấu chảy ra khuôn); kim loại cứng lại ở rãnh

verb

1. to plant seed for growth especially by scattering
2. to set something in motion : cause to exist, introduce into an environment
----------------
1. gieo

synonym. seed, spread, distribute

"There was an old sow there, and perhaps eight or ten little pigs."
Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the Underground Railroad

"The sow bear squinted and growled and sniffed for his scent on the wind."
Hoot

"The uncertainty sown by the federal government here is not good for anybody."
New York Times

“There is nothing sweet. I will sow salt, lest the bitter weeds grow.”
The Name of the Wind